The ideal setup is a quality UPS (uninterruptible power supply) and an AVR (automatic voltage regulator) for every PC in Nigeria. But not everyone can invest in both immediately. Here's how to reduce risk if you're running without a UPS.
The Real Threats
Nigeria's power grid presents two categories of risk: surges and spikes (brief overvoltage events when power comes on or after lightning) and brownouts and sags (undervoltage conditions common when the grid is weak). A third risk is generator switch transients — the voltage spike when switching between mains and a generator.
A Quality Surge Protector Is the Minimum
A proper surge protector (not a cheap extension board) with a clamping voltage under 400V and joule rating over 2000J provides meaningful protection against spikes. Replace it every 2–3 years — surge protectors degrade as they absorb events, often without visible signs. This is a ₦15,000–₦30,000 investment that protects ₦500,000+ of hardware.
Never Switch Directly Between Grid and Generator
Switching directly — grid off, generator starts, generator on — creates a large transient spike. The standard practice is: grid goes off → wait 30 seconds → start generator → wait for stabilisation → connect load. The waiting periods allow voltage to stabilise. An automatic transfer switch (ATS) with built-in delay protects against this.
Shutdown Habits Protect Data
Without a UPS, a sudden power cut causes data loss if files are open and being written. Develop the habit of saving and closing critical work whenever you hear the grid likely going off (e.g., when neighbours' lights go off). Cloud autosave (Google Drive, OneDrive) provides a second layer of protection.
Save for a UPS
A quality 1000VA UPS from APC or Eaton costs ₦80,000–₦150,000 in Nigeria. Given the cost of components damaged by power events, it's one of the best insurance policies available. Budget for it as part of your total system cost.